E434: Polysorbate 40
Main role: emulsifying
Also listed as: polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, Tween 40
What is E434 (Polysorbate 40)?
Polysorbate 40 belongs to the polysorbate emulsifier family and uses a palmitic-acid component. It changes how dispersed fat and water phases interact in a food formulation.
What does it do in food?
Its main role is emulsifying. Emulsifiers help ingredients mix or remain distributed. The recipe determines whether that means dispersing fat, improving dough handling, or controlling a coating. Their presence alone does not describe the food’s overall nutritional quality.
Food and formulation examples
- Dessert formulations
- Emulsified food preparations
- Ingredient blends
These examples describe formulation roles, not a list of unrestricted legal uses. Availability and permitted applications differ by country and food category.
Label names and ingredient questions
Look for E434, E 434, or the ingredient name. Related names and label terms include polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, Tween 40. A family code can cover more than one specified form; check the full declaration when the distinction matters.
The number 40 identifies this polysorbate type, not the percentage present in food. A label generally does not disclose the emulsifier concentration.
Is E434 safe?
The EFSA polysorbates re-evaluation (2015) is a scientific reference for this group. Its conclusions apply to the uses and exposures considered in that assessment, rather than every possible use or personal circumstance.
A label identifies the ingredient but usually not its concentration. Calculating daily intake requires the amount in the food and the quantities eaten.
Authorization and conditions of use
The Great Britain food additive register lists E434 as Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40). This is an entry subject to its stated conditions, not unrestricted permission for every food. The record links to the applicable authorization terms. For an EU product, use the European Commission food additive database to check the relevant food category and limits. Other countries may use different names or rules.