E432: Polysorbate 20
Main role: emulsifying
Also listed as: polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, Tween 20
What is E432 (Polysorbate 20)?
Polysorbate 20 is a sorbitan-derived emulsifier associated with lauric acid. It helps distribute ingredients that would otherwise separate. The number distinguishes it from other polysorbates with different fatty-acid components.
What does it do in food?
Its main role is emulsifying. Emulsifiers help ingredients mix or remain distributed. The recipe determines whether that means dispersing fat, improving dough handling, or controlling a coating. Their presence alone does not describe the food’s overall nutritional quality.
Food and formulation examples
- Emulsified flavor preparations
- Dessert formulations
- Food emulsifier blends
These examples describe formulation roles, not a list of unrestricted legal uses. Availability and permitted applications differ by country and food category.
Label names and ingredient questions
Look for E432, E 432, or the ingredient name. Related names and label terms include polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, Tween 20. A family code can cover more than one specified form; check the full declaration when the distinction matters.
Polysorbate 20 and polysorbate 80 are different ingredients. A reference to polysorbates as a group should not erase the specific grade or quantity in a recipe.
Is E432 safe?
The EFSA polysorbates re-evaluation (2015) is a scientific reference for this group. Its conclusions apply to the uses and exposures considered in that assessment, rather than every possible use or personal circumstance.
A label identifies the ingredient but usually not its concentration. Calculating daily intake requires the amount in the food and the quantities eaten.
Authorization and conditions of use
The Great Britain food additive register lists E432 as Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20). This is an entry subject to its stated conditions, not unrestricted permission for every food. The record links to the applicable authorization terms. For an EU product, use the European Commission food additive database to check the relevant food category and limits. Other countries may use different names or rules.