E140: Chlorophylls and Chlorophyllins
Main role: green coloring
Also listed as: chlorophyll, chlorophyllin, Natural Green 3
What is E140 (Chlorophylls and Chlorophyllins)?
E140 covers green plant pigments and their processed chlorophyllin forms. Chlorophyll contains magnesium; extraction and processing affect how the coloring preparation behaves in water or fat. It is an ingredient used for appearance rather than a nutritional substitute for green vegetables.
What does it do in food?
Its main role is green coloring. Coloring changes appearance. It does not establish the amount of fruit, vegetables, vitamins, or minerals in a serving. Different pigment preparations can have different processing properties and permitted uses.
Food and formulation examples
- Green confectionery
- Dessert preparations
- Sauces where green coloring is permitted
These examples describe formulation roles, not a list of unrestricted legal uses. Availability and permitted applications differ by country and food category.
Label names and ingredient questions
Look for E140, E 140, or the ingredient name. Related names and label terms include chlorophyll, chlorophyllin, Natural Green 3. A family code can cover more than one specified form; check the full declaration when the distinction matters.
E140 and E141 are related, but copper complexes have a different identity. A label saying chlorophyll does not identify every processing method or establish a health benefit.
Is E140 safe?
There is no meaningful personal risk estimate from an E number alone. Food-grade specifications, allowed uses, amount consumed, and individual circumstances all matter. The authorization record below gives the legal scope; it is not a claim that every possible use is appropriate.
A label identifies the ingredient but usually not its concentration. Calculating daily intake requires the amount in the food and the quantities eaten.
Authorization and conditions of use
The Great Britain food additive register lists E140 as Chlorophylls and chlorophyllins. This is an entry subject to its stated conditions, not unrestricted permission for every food. The record links to the applicable authorization terms. For an EU product, use the European Commission food additive database to check the relevant food category and limits. Other countries may use different names or rules.